Causes of Weight Loss

Causes of Weight Loss

Weight loss can be a deliberate goal pursued by many people through specific diets or exercise routines, or it can signal a potential health condition. While fluctuations in weight are usually normal, a loss of 5% or more of body weight over a period of 6-12 months can be concerning and may indicate malnutrition—specifically, a deficiency in the body’s energy, fats, proteins, and essential vitamins and minerals. For weight loss to be considered a symptom of health issues, it must be accompanied by other signs such as a loss of appetite, fatigue, gastrointestinal disturbances, and mood swings.

Weight is usually influenced by various factors, such as age, general health, caloric intake, physical activity level, nutrient absorption, and a range of economic and social factors.

Unintentional Weight Loss Causes

There are many medical and non-medical reasons for unintentional weight loss. Several factors may lead to general health deterioration and subsequent weight loss. Sometimes, doctors may struggle to identify the underlying cause. Unexplained weight loss can sometimes indicate a type of cancer. Other potential reasons for unexplained weight loss include:

• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Includes conditions like emphysema, bronchiectasis, and chronic bronchitis.
• Mouth Problems: Such as gum disease, tooth decay, mouth ulcers, or orthodontic issues.
• Eating Disorders: Conditions like anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa can cause unintentional weight loss, as those affected may not realize the amount of weight they are losing.
• Malnutrition: Often resulting from poor dietary choices or limited financial resources affecting food purchasing ability.
• Addison’s Disease: A condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol and aldosterone, leading to loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss.
• Thyroid Disorders: Such as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, which aid in regulating body temperature, heart rate, and metabolic processes.
• Chronic Digestive Disorders: Issues that limit calorie and nutrient absorption, including diarrhea, chronic inflammation, and chronic pancreatitis.

Other possible causes include changes in sense of taste and smell, dementia, depression, diabetes, heart failure, certain medications, Parkinson’s disease, peptic ulcers, tuberculosis, ulcerative colitis, and hypercalcemia.

Intentional Weight Loss Causes

As previously mentioned, intentional weight loss usually results from decreased body fat through exercise and dieting, especially in individuals who are overweight or obese. Additionally, post-pregnancy weight loss is often considered normal.

Assessing Unintentional Weight Loss

Diagnosis

If symptoms appear alongside sudden weight loss, such as general fatigue, appetite loss, changes in bowel habits, and increased illnesses or infections, a doctor should be consulted. Diagnosis typically involves a series of questions to identify any other crucial symptoms, along with necessary blood tests. The doctor will evaluate the results and advise on subsequent steps.

Improving the Condition

If nutritional deficiencies are diagnosed, consulting a doctor or nutritionist is essential to develop a healthy eating plan aimed at correcting the deficiency. If weight loss is attributed to a serious condition like cancer, further necessary examinations are required before deciding on the course of action.

Tips for Healthy Weight Gain

Weight gain relies on a simple principle: consuming more calories than the body burns. Instead of overindulging in sugary and unhealthy fatty foods, individuals should opt for calorie-dense foods that aid in increasing muscle mass and energy levels while avoiding unhealthy fats that could harm the body.

Combining increased calorie intake with strength training is among the most effective factors for rapid weight gain. Some additional tips to help gain weight healthily include:

• Avoid drinking water before meals to prevent stomach fullness, which may reduce calorie intake.
• Increase meal frequency throughout the day, including main meals, snacks, or eating before bed.
• Drink milk, especially whole milk, which is rich in calories and high-quality protein.
• Use larger plates to encourage bigger portions of food.
• Ensure adequate sleep, as it plays a role in muscle growth.
• Prioritize protein in meals, starting with protein-rich foods and finishing with vegetables.
• Avoid smoking, as smokers tend to weigh less than non-smokers; quitting can help increase weight.